{"id":337,"date":"2025-11-02T21:05:39","date_gmt":"2025-11-02T13:05:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/?p=337"},"modified":"2025-11-02T21:14:07","modified_gmt":"2025-11-02T13:14:07","slug":"c%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e8%af%ad%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/?p=337","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u3011C++(1) \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u672c\u6587\u6863\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u5747\u4ee5C++11<\/strong>\u6807\u51c6\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u6587\u6863\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8eC++\u4e2d\u4e0eC\u8bed\u8a00\u91cd\u53e0\u6216\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6269\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u6863<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300aC++ Primer \u7b2c\u4e94\u7248 \u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u300b –\u7535\u5b50\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u83dc\u9e1f\u6559\u7a0b\uff08runoob.com\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5f15\u7528<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5f15\u7528reference<\/code>\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8d77\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u5f15\u7528\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u58f0\u660e\u7b26\u5199\u6210&d<\/code>\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dd<\/code>\u662f\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u4f1a\u88ab\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f15\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u628a\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c06\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u62f7\u8d1d\u7ed9\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u5c06\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u76f4\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ee4\u5f15\u7528\u91cd\u65b0\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f15\u7528\u5fc5\u987b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u7b26\u53f7&<\/code>\u5f00\u5934\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

int i = 1024, i2 = 2048;    \/\/i\u548ci2\u90fd\u662fint\nint sr = i, r2 = i2;        \/\/r\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4e0ei\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0cr2\u662fint\nint i3 = 1024, &r1 = i3;    \/\/i3\u662fint,r1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4e0ei3\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\nint &r3 = i3, &r4 = i2;     \/\/r3\u548cr4\u90fd\u662f\u5f15\u7528<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5f15\u7528\u53ea\u80fd\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u6216\u8005\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
int &refVal4 = 10;       \/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\ndouble dval = 3.14;\nint &refVal5 =dval;     \/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u6b64\u5904\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u662fint\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
1.2 \u5f15\u7528\u548c\u6307\u9488\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u6307\u9488\u548c\u5f15\u7528\u90fd\u662f\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u6240\u6307\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u5f15\u7528\u662f\u67d0\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e3a\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5f15\u7528\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u6307\u9488\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u8981\u5728\u524d\u52a0 *<\/code> \uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u5f15\u7528\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u5c31\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u6539\u53d8\uff1b\u6307\u9488\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002 \u5373\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6548\u7387\u6bd4\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u9488\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5b83\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6307\u9488\u5219\u5e94\u8be5\u603b\u662f\u88ab\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5176\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u5bf9\u5f15\u7528\u4f7f\u7528sizeof<\/code>\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u6307\u9488\u4f7f\u7528\u201csizeof\u201d\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u6307\u9488\u7684\u7ea7\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u5f15\u7528\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u7ea7\u3002\u5373\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6307\u9488 int **p \/\/\u5408\u6cd5 int &&p \/\/\u975e\u6cd5<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • ++<\/code>\u5f15\u7528\u4e0e++<\/code>\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002
    \u4f8b\u5982\u5c31++<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f4\u63a5\u53cd\u5e94\u5230\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u6307\u5411\uff1b\u800c\u5bf9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u6240\u6307\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    2. const\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \u5c3d\u91cf\u4ee5const<\/code>\uff0cenum<\/code>\uff0cinline<\/code>\u66ff\u6362#define<\/code><\/strong> –\u300aEffective C++\u4e2d\u6587\u7248 \u7b2c\u4e09\u7248\u300b\u6761\u6b3e02<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
    \u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u518d\u5408\u9002\u65f6\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u968f\u65f6\u8b66\u60d5\u9632\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e00\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e00\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5173\u952e\u5b57const<\/strong>\u5bf9\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u52a0\u4ee5\u9650\u5b9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    2.1 const\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7279\u5f81<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u88abconst<\/code>\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5bf9\u5176\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5c06\u5f15\u53d1\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    const int buf = 125;\nbuf = 1;              \/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u8bd5\u56fe\u5411const\u5bf9\u8c61\u5199\u503c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    const<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u5fc5\u987b\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/strong>\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    int get_size()\n{\n    return 0;\n}\n\nconst int i = get_size();     \/\/\u6b63\u786e\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\nconst int j = 42;             \/\/\u6b63\u786e\uff1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\nconst int k;                  \/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff1ak\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u7ecf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5e38\u91cf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    const<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    int i = 42;\nconst int ci = i;    \/\/\u6b63\u786e\uff1ai\u7684\u503c\u88ab\u62f7\u8d1d\u7ed9\u4e86ci\nint j= ci;           \/\/\u6b63\u786e\uff1aci\u7684\u503c\u88ab\u62f7\u8d1d\u7ed9\u4e86j<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u9ed8\u8ba4\u72b6\u6001\u4e0bconst<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ec5\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u6709\u6548<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u5728\u94fe\u63a5\u671f\u95f4\uff0cc++<\/code>\u4e2dconst<\/code>\u5177\u6709\u5185\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5\u6027\uff0cc<\/code>\u4e2dconst<\/code>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5\u6027<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u628a\u7528\u5230\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8bd1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u77e5\u9053\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5219\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u4e86const<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u624d\u884c\u3002\u8981\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u5230\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u5bf9\u5b83\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u7ba1\u58f0\u660e\u8fd8\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u90fd\u6dfb\u52a0extern<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ea\u9700\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u6b21\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      2.2 const\u7684\u5f15\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5f15\u7528\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230const<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e38\u91cf\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u5f15\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e38\u91cf\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u6240\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      const int ci = 1024;\nconst int &r1 = ci;  \/\/\u6b63\u786e\uff1a\u5f15\u7528\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\nr1 = 42;             \/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff1ar1\u662f\u5bf9\u5e38\u91cf\u7684\u5f15\u7528\nint &r2 = ci;        \/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u8bd5\u56fe\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u4fee\u6539\u5e38\u91cf\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u503c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      3. auto\u7c7b\u578b\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      C++11<\/code>\u65b0\u6807\u51c6\u5f15\u5165\u4e86auto<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u5c31\u80fd\u8ba9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u66ff\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u5206\u6790\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u548c\u67d0\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cauto<\/code>\u8ba9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u6765\u63a8\u7b97\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      3.1 \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      auto<\/code>\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u4f7f\u7528auto<\/code>\u4e5f\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u6761\u58f0\u660e\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8be5\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u4e00\u6837<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      auto i = 0, *p = &i;        \/\/\u6b63\u786e\uff1ai\u662f\u6574\u6570\u3001p\u662f\u6574\u578b\u6307\u9488\nauto sz = 0, pi = 3.14;        \/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff1asz\u548cpi\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa\u6765\u7684auto<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u7ed3\u679c\u7c7b\u578b\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      4. \u8303\u56f4for\u5faa\u73af<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u5bf9string<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u505a\u70b9\u4ec0\u4e48\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528C++11\u65b0\u6807\u51c6<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8303\u56f4for<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u53e5\u904d\u5386\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      4.1 \u539f\u578b\u53ca\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u8bed\u6cd5\u5f62\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b,expression<\/code>\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u3002declaration<\/code>\u90e8\u5206\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u5c06\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0cdeclaration<\/code>\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3aexpression<\/code>\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      for (declaration:expression)\n    statement<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u4e00\u4e2astring<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64string<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8303\u56f4for<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684expression<\/code>\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      std::vector<int> numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};\nfor (int number : numbers) {\n    std::cout << number << \" \";\n}\nstd::cout << std::endl;\n\/\/\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a1 2 3 4 5<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      4.2 \u6539\u53d8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u6539\u53d8string<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u5faa\u73af\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u6210\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5faa\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u88ab\u4f9d\u6b21\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u4e86\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e0a\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u5b83\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      std::string s(\"Hello World!!!\");     \/\/\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5927\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\nfor(auto &c : s) {                   \/\/\u5bf9\u4e8es\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26(\u6ce8\u610f\uff1ac\u662f\u5f15\u7528)\n    c = toupper(c);                  \/\/c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u5c06\u6539\u53d8s\u4e2d\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u503c\n}\nstd::cout << s <<std::endl;\n\/\/\u8f93\u51fa\uff1aHELLO WORLD!!!<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      5. C\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548cC++\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4e24\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cC<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528char*<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u88f8\u6307\u9488\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u5c3e\u90e8\u5206\u653e\u4e0a\\0<\/code>\u6807\u5fd7\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u675f\u3002C++<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u907f\u514d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
      \u6b64\u6587\u4ec5\u7b80\u8ff0<\/strong>C++<\/code>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u673a\u5236\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\uff0c\u4e0d\u6df1\u5165\u8ba8\u8bba<\/strong>\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u548cC<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
      5.1 \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7c7b\u578bstring<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      C++<\/code>\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86string<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528string\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u9996\u5148\u5305\u542bstring<\/code>\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0cstring<\/code>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4std<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528string<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u524d\u9700\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5df2\u6b63\u786e\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      #include <string>\nusing std::string;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      5.1.1 \u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u5316string\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \u5bf9\u4e8estring<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      string s1;                \/\/\u9ed8\u8ba4\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0cs1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\nstring s2(s1);            \/\/s2\u662fs1\u7684\u526f\u672c\nstring s2 = sl;            \/\/\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8es2(s1),s2\u662fs1\u7684\u526f\u672c\nstring s3(\"hiya\");        \/\/s3\u662f\u5b57\u9762\u503c\u201chiya\"\u7684\u526f\u672c\u9664\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u9762\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u5916\nstring s3 = \"hiya\";        \/\/\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8estring s3 =\"hiya\";,s3\u662f\u8be5\u5b87\u7b26\u4e32\u5b57\u9762\u503c\u7684\u526f\u672c\nstring s4(10,'c');        \/\/\u628as4\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a\u7531\u8fde\u7eedn\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26c\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u7b49\u53f7=<\/code>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u7684\u662f\u62f7\u8d1d\u521d\u59cb\u5316,\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u628a\u7b49\u53f7\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u53bb\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7b49\u53f7\uff0c\u5219\u6267\u884c\u7684\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u5f53\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6216\u62f7\u8d1d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u90fd\u884c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u7684s4<\/code>\u90a3\u6837\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8981\u7528\u5230\u7684\u503c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      string s5 = \"hiya\";        \/\/\u62f7\u8d1d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\nstring s6(\"hiya\");        \/\/\u76f4\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\nstring s7(10,'c');        \/\/\u76f4\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0cs7\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662fcccccccccc<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      5.1.2 string\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u6bd4\u8f83string<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61 string<\/code>\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u51e0\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u9010\u4e00\u6bd4\u8f83string<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u76f8\u7b49\u6027\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26==<\/code>\u548c!=<\/code>\u5206\u522b\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e24\u4e2astring<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u76f8\u7b49\u6216\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\uff0cstring<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u76f8\u7b49\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\u800c\u4e14\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e5f\u5168\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<<\/code>\u3001<=<\/code>\u3001><\/code>\u3001>=<\/code>\u5206\u522b\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e00\u4e2astring<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u5c0f\u4e8e\u3001\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\u3001\u5927\u4e8e\u3001\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2astring<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u90fd\u4f9d\u7167(\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u654f\u611f\u7684)\u5b57\u5178\u987a\u5e8f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u4e24\u4e2astring<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u76f8\u52a0 \u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2astring<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26+<\/code>\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684string\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u628a\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0e\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e32\u63a5\u800c\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          string s1 = \"hello,\",s2 = \"world\\n\";\n  string s3 = s1 +s2;        \/\/s3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662fhello,world\\n\n  s1 += s2;                \/\/\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8es1 =s1 +s2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u5b57\u9762\u503c\u548cstring<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u76f8\u52a0 \u5f53\u628astring<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u5b57\u9762\u503c\u53ca\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b57\u9762\u503c\u6df7\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u52a0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26+<\/code>\u7684\u4e24\u4fa7\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u5bf9\u8c61\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u662fstring<\/code><\/strong>\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u6210string<\/code><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            string s4 =s1 +\",\";            \/\/\u6b63\u786e\uff1a\u628a\u4e00\u4e2astring\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u9762\u503c\u76f8\u52a0\n  string s5=\"hello\"+\",\";      \/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fd0\u7b97\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u4e0d\u662fstring\n  string s6 =s1+\",\"+\"world\";    \/\/\u6b63\u786e\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u52a0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u7b97\u5bf9\u8c61\u662fstring\n  string s7=\u201chello\u201d+\",\"+s2;    \/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u5b87\u9762\u503c\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u52a0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          5.1.3 \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • string<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u6807\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u8f93\u51fa\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26,\u8fd9\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u76f8\u540c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0eC<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u517c\u5bb9\uff0cC++<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b57\u9762\u503c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7c7b\u578bstring<\/code>\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b57\u9762\u503c\u4e0estring<\/code>\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            5.2 \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7c7b\u578bvector<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528string<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u6784\u5efavector<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            vector<string>v5{\"hi\"};        \/\/\u5217\u8868\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1av5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nvector<string>v6(\"hi\");        \/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b57\u9762\u503c\u6784\u5efavector\u5bf9\u8c61\nvector<string>v7{10};        \/\/v7\u670910\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nvector<string>v8{10,\"hi\"};    \/\/v8\u670910\u4e2a\u503c\u4e3a\"hi\"\u7684\u5143\u7d20<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            6. \u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            \u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u73ed\u4e0a\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u540d\u53eb Zara<\/code> \u7684\u5b66\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u660e\u786e\u533a\u5206\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u540d\u5b57\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f4f\u5740\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u4eec\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \u540c\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u5728 C++<\/code> \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a xyz()<\/code> \u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u51fd\u6570 xyz()<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u60a8\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a xyz()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9644\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u5e93\u4e2d\u76f8\u540c\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5373\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c31\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \u4f8b\u5982std::cin<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26::<\/code>\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u4ece\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u5de6\u4fa7\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64std::out<\/code>\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u662f\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4std<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u540d\u5b57cin<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
            6.1 using\u58f0\u660e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            \u6709\u4e86using<\/code>\u58f0\u660e\u5c31\u65e0\u9700\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u9700\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0cusing<\/code>\u58f0\u660e\u5177\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \/\/using\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\nusing namespace::name;\n\n#include<iostream>\n\/\/using\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u540d\u5b57cin\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ece\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4std\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\nusing std:cin;\n\nint main()\n{\n    int i;\n    cin >> i;            \/\/\u6b63\u786e\uff1acin\u548cstd::cin\u542b\u4e49\u76f8\u540c\n    cout << i;            \/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684using\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u540d\u5b57\n    std::cout << i;        \/\/\u6b63\u786e\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7684\u4ecestd\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528cout\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            7. \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            7.1 C\u4e0eC++\u4e2dstruct\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            \u5728C<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u548cC++<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53struct<\/code>\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4e24\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            1. \u5728C<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u800c\u5728C++<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u6570\u636e\u6210\u5458\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            2. C++<\/code>\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6210\u5458\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\uff0cC<\/code>\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5bf9\u5185\u90e8\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u53ea\u80fd\u662fpublic<\/code>\uff0c\u800cC++<\/code>\u5141\u8bb8public<\/code>\uff0cprivate<\/code>\uff0cprotected<\/code>\u4e09\u79cd<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            3. C<\/code>\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\uff0cC++<\/code>\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6216\u8005\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u7684<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
              \u5728C<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              struct Person {\n    char name[50];\n    int age;\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              \u800c\u5728C++<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5199\u6cd5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4e0a\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              struct Person {\nprivate:\n    char name[50];\n    int age;\n\npublic:\n    void setName(const char* newName) {\n        strcpy(name, newName);\n    }\n\n    void setAge(int newAge) {\n        age = newAge;\n    }\n\n    void displayInfo() {\n        cout << \"Name: \" << name << endl;\n        cout << \"Age: \" << age << endl;\n    }\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              7.2 \u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              C++<\/code>\u4e2d\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u53ea\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\u800c\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \/\/ \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u58f0\u660e\nstruct MyStruct {\n    void myFunction(); \/\/ \u58f0\u660e\u4f46\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u51fd\u6570\n};\n\n\/\/ \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5916\u90e8\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\nvoid MyStruct::myFunction() {\n    std::cout << \"Function is implemented\" << std::endl;\n}\n\nint main() {\n    MyStruct s;\n    s.myFunction();  \/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              C<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u6dfb\u52a0\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \/\/\u58f0\u660e\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b\ntypedef void (*myFunction)(void);\n\n\/\/C\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6210\u5458\u60f3\u8981\u662f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\nstruct myStruct\n{\n    myFunction func;\n};\n\n\/\/\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\nvoid printDemo()\n{\n    printf(\"Hello World\\n\");\n}\n\nint main()\n{\n    struct myStruct demo;\n\n    demo.func = printDemo;\n    demo.func();\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              8.\u7c7b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
              \u7c7b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u6570\u636e\u62bd\u8c61\u548c\u5c01\u88c5\u3002\u7c7b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u6237\u6240\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5219\u5305\u62ec\u7c7b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6210\u5458\u3001\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u79c1\u6709\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5c01\u88c5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7c7b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u5c01\u88c5\u540e\u7684\u7c7b\u9690\u85cf\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u7c7b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b9e\u73b0\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \u7c7b\u8981\u60f3\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u62bd\u8c61\u548c\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9996\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5728\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u7c7b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u8d1f\u8d23\u8003\u8651\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1b\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u7c7b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5219\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u62bd\u8c61\u5730\u601d\u8003\u7c7b\u578b\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48,\u800c\u65e0\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \u7c7b\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u662f\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e00\u5bf9\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u4f53\u5305\u542b\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u84dd\u56fe\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u54ea\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
              8.1 \u7c7b\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u548c\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \u7c7b\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\uff0c\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5d4c\u5957\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5206\u4e24\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u7c7b\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u5458\u7684\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u8f6e\u5230\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u4f53(\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8bdd)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5458\u800c\u65e0\u987b\u5728\u610f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u5458\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \u56e0\u6b64\uff0cisbn<\/code>\u4e2d\u7528\u5230\u7684\u540d\u5b57bookNo<\/code>\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728Sales_data<\/code>\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6210\u5458\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7fbookNo<\/code>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728isbn<\/code>\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cisbn<\/code>\u4e5f\u8fd8\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528bookNo<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
              struct Sales_data (\n    \/\/\u65b0\u6210\u5458\uff1a\u5173\u4e8eSales_data\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\n    std::string isbn() {return bookNo;}\n    Sales_data6 combine (const Sales_datak);\n    double avg_price();\n    std::string bookNo;\n    unsigned units_sold = 0;\n    double revenue = 0.0;\n};\n\n\/\/Sales_data\u7684\u975e\u6210\u5458\u63a5\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\nSales_data add(const Sales_datas, const Sales_datab);\nstd::ostream aprint(std::ostreams, const Sales_datab);\nstd::istream sread(std::istreams ,Sales_dataf);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              8.2 \u7c7b\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \u6570\u636e\u5c01\u88c5\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5b83\u9632\u6b62\u51fd\u6570\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6210\u5458\u3002\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u9650\u5236\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7c7b\u4e3b\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u6807\u8bb0 public<\/code>\u3001private<\/code>\u3001protected<\/code> \u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5b57 public<\/code>\u3001private<\/code>\u3001protected<\/code> \u79f0\u4e3a\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • \u516c\u6709public<\/code><\/strong>\u6210\u5458\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7c7b\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u662f\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u83b7\u53d6\u516c\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u79c1\u6709private<\/code><\/strong>\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u7684\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u7c7b\u548c\u53cb\u5143\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7c7b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u90fd\u662f\u79c1\u6709\u7684<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4protected<\/code><\/strong>\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u5341\u5206\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cprotected<\/code>\uff08\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\uff09\u6210\u5458\u5728\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\uff08\u5373\u5b50\u7c7b\uff09\u4e2d\u662f\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                8.3 \u7c7b\u7684\u7ee7\u627f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                \u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u7ee7\u627f\u3002\u7ee7\u627f\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u4f9d\u636e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u91cd\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u5199\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6210\u5458\u548c\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6307\u5b9a\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u7c7b\u79f0\u4e3a\u57fa\u7c7b<\/strong>\uff0c\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u7c7b\u79f0\u4e3a\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d3e\u751f\u81ea\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u57fa\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u6570\u636e\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6d3e\u751f\u5217\u8868\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u57fa\u7c7b\u3002\u7c7b\u6d3e\u751f\u5217\u8868\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u57fa\u7c7b\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                class derived-class: access-specifier base-class<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26 access-specifier<\/code> \u662f public<\/code>\u3001protected<\/code> \u6216 private<\/code> \u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0cbase-class \u662f\u4e4b\u524d\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fc7\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26 access-specifier<\/code>\uff0c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a private<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/strong>\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u662f\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u72d7\u662f\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u72d7\u662f\u52a8\u7269<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                \u5bf9\u5e94C++<\/code>\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \/\/ \u57fa\u7c7b\nclass Animal {\n    \/\/ eat() \u51fd\u6570\n    \/\/ sleep() \u51fd\u6570\n};\n\/\/\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\nclass Dog : public Animal {\n    \/\/ bark() \u51fd\u6570\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                8.3.1 \u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u7ee7\u627f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                \u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u57fa\u7c7b\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u975e\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u57fa\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u60f3\u88ab\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u5728\u57fa\u7c7b\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a private\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \u8bbf\u95ee<\/th>public<\/th>protected<\/th>private<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                \u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b<\/td>yes<\/td>yes<\/td>yes<\/td><\/tr>
                \u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b<\/td>yes<\/td>yes<\/td>no<\/td><\/tr>
                \u5916\u90e8\u7684\u7c7b<\/td>yes<\/td>no<\/td>no<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                \u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u57fa\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0b\u5217\u60c5\u51b5\u9664\u5916\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • \u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u91cd\u8f7d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u53cb\u5143\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  8.3.2 \u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u6743\u9650<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                  \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u57fa\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • public \u7ee7\u627f\uff1a<\/strong>\u57fa\u7c7b public<\/code> \u6210\u5458\uff0cprotected<\/code> \u6210\u5458\uff0cprivate<\/code> \u6210\u5458\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u53d8\u6210\uff1apublic<\/code>, protected<\/code>, private<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • protected \u7ee7\u627f\uff1a<\/strong>\u57fa\u7c7b public<\/code> \u6210\u5458\uff0cprotected<\/code> \u6210\u5458\uff0cprivate<\/code> \u6210\u5458\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u53d8\u6210\uff1aprotected<\/code>, protected<\/code>, private<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • private \u7ee7\u627f\uff1a<\/strong>\u57fa\u7c7b public<\/code> \u6210\u5458\uff0cprotected<\/code> \u6210\u5458\uff0cprivate<\/code> \u6210\u5458\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u53d8\u6210\uff1aprivate<\/code>, private<\/code>, private<\/code> \u6574\u7406\u6210\u8868\u683c\u5982\u4e0b \u7ee7\u627f\u65b9\u5f0f\\\u57fa\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u5c5e\u6027 \u57fa\u7c7b public \u6210\u5458 \u57fa\u7c7bprotected \u6210\u5458 \u57fa\u7c7bprivate \u6210\u5458 public \u7ee7\u627f public protected private protected \u7ee7\u627f protected<\/em><\/strong> protected private private \u7ee7\u627f private<\/em><\/strong> private<\/em><\/strong> private<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                    \u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u79cd\u7ee7\u627f\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u70b9\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                    • private<\/code><\/strong> \u6210\u5458\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u672c\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\uff08\u7c7b\u5185\uff09\u548c\u53cb\u5143\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • protected<\/code><\/strong> \u6210\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                      8.4 \u591a\u7ee7\u627f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      \u591a\u7ee7\u627f\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7236\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b83\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u7279\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      C++<\/code> \u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u6210\u5458<\/strong>\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      class <\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u540d>:<\u7ee7\u627f\u65b9\u5f0f1><\u57fa\u7c7b\u540d1>,<\u7ee7\u627f\u65b9\u5f0f2><\u57fa\u7c7b\u540d2>,\u2026\n{\n<\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u7c7b\u4f53>\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      \u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u4e0e\u5355\u7ee7\u627f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u662f public<\/code>\u3001protected<\/code> \u6216 private<\/code> \u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      #include <iostream>\n\nusing namespace std;\n\n\/\/ \u57fa\u7c7b Shape\nclass Shape \n{\n   public:\n      void setWidth(int w)\n      {\n         width = w;\n      }\n      void setHeight(int h)\n      {\n         height = h;\n      }\n   protected:\n      int width;\n      int height;\n};\n\n\/\/ \u57fa\u7c7b PaintCost\nclass PaintCost \n{\n   public:\n      int getCost(int area)\n      {\n         return area * 70;\n      }\n};\n\n\/\/ \u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\nclass Rectangle: public Shape, public PaintCost\n{\n   public:\n      int getArea()\n      { \n         return (width * height); \n      }\n};\n\nint main(void)\n{\n   Rectangle Rect;\n   int area;\n\n   Rect.setWidth(5);\n   Rect.setHeight(7);\n\n   area = Rect.getArea();\n\n   \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u9762\u79ef\n   cout << \"Total area: \" << Rect.getArea() << endl;\n\n   \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u603b\u82b1\u8d39\n   cout << \"Total paint cost: $\" << Rect.getCost(area) << endl;\n\n   return 0;\n}\n\n\/\/\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\nTotal area: 35\nTotal paint cost: $2450<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      8.5 \u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u6210\u5458<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      C++<\/code>\u4e2d\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6210\u5458\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0a\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f5c\u8d58\u8ff0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      9. \u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                      C++<\/code>\u4e2d\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7a7a\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u6210\u5458\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u8d4b\u503c\u3002
                      \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u9500\u6bc1\u524d\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6e05\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u91ca\u653enew\u5f00\u8f9f\u5728\u5806\u533a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      9.1 \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a\u7c7b\u540d(){}<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        \n
                      1. \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5199void<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      2. \u51fd\u6570\u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u7c7b\u540d\u76f8\u540c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      3. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6b21<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      4. \u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 \uff0c\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u5176\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6216\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6765\u533a\u5206\u5b83\u4eec \u5373\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u91cd\u8f7d<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                        \u65e0\u53c2\u6570\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        class Line\n{\n   public:\n      Line();  \/\/ \u8fd9\u662f\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n\n   private:\n      double length;\n};\n\n\/\/ \u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\nLine::Line(void)\n{\n    cout << \"Object is being created\" << endl;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570\nint main( )\n{\n   Line line;\n   return 0;\n}\n\/\/\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\nObject is being created<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \u6709\u53c2\u6570\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        class Line\n{\n   public:\n      Line(double len);  \/\/ \u8fd9\u662f\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n\n   private:\n      double length;\n};\n\n\/\/ \u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\nLine::Line( double len)\n{\n    cout << \"Object is being created, length = \" << len << endl;\n    length = len;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570\nint main( )\n{\n   Line line(10.0);\n\n   return 0;\n}\n\/\/\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\nObject is being created, length = 10<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        9.2 \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                        \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a ~\u7c7b\u540d(){}<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                          \n
                        1. \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5199void<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        2. \u51fd\u6570\u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u7c7b\u540d\u76f8\u540c,\u5728\u540d\u79f0\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a\u7b26\u53f7 ~<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        3. \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u8f7d<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        4. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u9500\u6bc1\u524d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u6790\u6784\uff0c\u65e0\u987b\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6b21<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                          \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                          class Line\n{\n   public:\n      Line();   \/\/ \u8fd9\u662f\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\n      ~Line();  \/\/ \u8fd9\u662f\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e \n   private:\n      double length;\n};\n\n\/\/ \u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\nLine::Line(void)\n{\n    cout << \"Object is being created\" << endl;\n}\nLine::~Line(void)\n{\n    cout << \"Object is being deleted\" << endl;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570\nint main( )\n{\n   Line line;\n   return 0;\n}\n\/\/\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\nObject is being created\nObject is being deleted<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                          \u5176\u4f59\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            \n
                          • \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u516c\u6709\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u7c7b\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7c7b\u540d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u533a\u5206<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7ed9\u7c7b\u5206\u914d\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u91ca\u653e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • \u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u6784\u9020\u548c\u6790\u6784\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u7a7a\u5b9e\u73b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 \u548c \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728public<\/code>\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                            10. \u53cb\u5143<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                            \n
                            \u5982\u679c\u5c06\u7c7b\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u6bd4\u55bb\u6210\u4e00\u5835\u5899\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53cb\u5143\u673a\u5236\u5c31\u50cf\u5899\u4e0a\u4e86\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95e8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5f97\u5230\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u7c7b\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u7c7b\u6216\u8005\u51fd\u6570\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u53cb\u5143\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u7c7b\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u6027\u5f97\u5230\u6d88\u5f31\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u614e\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            –\u300awindows\u73af\u5883\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u300b<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
                            \u7c7b\u7684\u53cb\u5143\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u7c7b\u5916\u90e8\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u79c1\u6709private<\/code>\u6210\u5458\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4protected<\/code>\u6210\u5458\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53cb\u5143\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u539f\u578b\u6709\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53cb\u5143\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            \u53cb\u5143\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u53cb\u5143\u51fd\u6570\uff1b\u53cb\u5143\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u8be5\u7c7b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u53cb\u5143\u7c7b\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u90fd\u662f\u53cb\u5143\u3002\u53cb\u5143\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528friend<\/code><\/strong>\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            10.1 \u5168\u5c40\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cb\u5143<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                            \u5982\u679c\u8981\u58f0\u660e\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u53cb\u5143\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u952e\u5b57 friend<\/code><\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            class Box\n{\n   double width;\npublic:\n   friend void printWidth( Box box );\n   void setWidth( double wid );\n};\n\n\/\/ \u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\nvoid Box::setWidth( double wid )\n{\n    width = wid;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u5168\u5c40\u51fd\u6570\nvoid printWidth( Box box )\n{\n   \/* \u56e0\u4e3a printWidth() \u662f Box \u7684\u53cb\u5143\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u7c7b\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6210\u5458 *\/\n   cout << \"Width of box : \" << box.width <<endl;\n}\n\nint main()\n{\n   Box box;\n\n   box.setWidth(10.0);\n   printWidth( box );\n   return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            10.2 \u7c7b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cb\u5143<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                            \u53cb\u5143\u7c7b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u53cb\u5143\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u6210\u5458\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            \u58f0\u660e\u7c7b ClassTwo<\/code> \u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7c7b ClassOne<\/code> \u7684\u53cb\u5143\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7c7b ClassOne<\/code> \u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u653e\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0b\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            friend class ClassTwo;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cb\u5143\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u79c1\u6709\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u6210\u5458<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            class goodfriends\n{\npublic:\n    goodfriends();\/\/\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n    void visit();\/\/\u8bbf\u95ee\u51fd\u6570\n    void visit1();\/\/\u8bbf\u95ee\u51fd\u6570\n};\nclass Building\n{\n    friend class goodfriends;\/\/goodfriends\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u51fd\u6570\npublic:\n    Building();\nprivate:\n    string M_bedroom;\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            10.3 \u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u505a\u53cb\u5143<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                            \u5c06\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cb\u5143<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            class goodfriends\n{\npublic:\n    goodfriends();\/\/\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n    void visit();\/\/\u8bbf\u95ee\u51fd\u6570\n};\nclass Building\n{\n   friend void goodfriends:: visit1();\/\/\u8bbf\u95ee\u51fd\u6570\npublic:\n    Building();\nprivate:\n    string M_bedroom;\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \u4f7f\u7528\u53cb\u5143\u7c7b\u65f6\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                              \n
                            1. \u53cb\u5143\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7ee7\u627f<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            2. \u53cb\u5143\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u5355\u5411\u7684<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u4ea4\u6362\u6027\u3002\u82e5\u7c7bB\u662f\u7c7bA\u7684\u53cb\u5143\uff0c\u7c7bA\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u7c7bB\u7684\u53cb\u5143\uff0c\u8981\u770b\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u58f0\u660e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            3. \u53cb\u5143\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u4f20\u9012\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u82e5\u7c7bB\u662f\u7c7bA\u7684\u53cb\u5143\uff0c\u7c7bC\u662fB\u7684\u53cb\u5143\uff0c\u7c7bC\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u7c7bA\u7684\u53cb\u5143\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u8981\u770b\u7c7b\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7533\u660e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                              11. \u91cd\u8f7d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                              C++<\/code>\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u548c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong>\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u79f0\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d<\/strong>\u548c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                              \u91cd\u8f7d\u58f0\u660e\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u8be5\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5185\u58f0\u660e\u8fc7\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u548c\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                              \u5f53\u60a8\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u6216\u91cd\u8f7d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong>\u65f6\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u628a\u60a8\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u9009\u7528\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u91cd\u8f7d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u91cd\u8f7d\u51b3\u7b56<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                              11.1 \u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                              \u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5185\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u58f0\u660e\u51e0\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u540c\u540d\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540c\u540d\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u6307\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u8005\u987a\u5e8f\uff09\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u60a8\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6765\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                \n
                              • \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u540c\u4e09\u8005\u4e2d\u6ee1\u8db3\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d\u4e86<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                              • \u5982\u679c\u53ea\u6709\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d\uff1b\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                class printData\n{\n   public:\n      void print(int i) {\n        cout << \"\u6574\u6570\u4e3a: \" << i << endl;\n      }\n\n      void print(double  f) {\n        cout << \"\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u4e3a: \" << f << endl;\n      }\n\n      void print(char c[]) {\n        cout << \"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e3a: \" << c << endl;\n      }\n};\n\nint main(void)\n{\n   printData pd;\n   char c[] = \"Hello C++\";\n\n   pd.print(5);\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u6574\u6570\n   pd.print(500.263);\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\n   pd.print(c);\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n\n   return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                11.2 \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\uff0c\u662f\u4ece\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u6f14\u7ece\u800c\u6765\uff1b\u91cd\u8f7d\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u662f\u5e26\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u662f\u7531\u5173\u952e\u5b57 operator<\/code> \u548c\u5176\u540e\u8981\u91cd\u8f7d\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7b26\u53f7\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u91cd\u8f7d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                Box operator[\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26](const Box&);                        \/\/\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u58f0\u660e\nBox operator[\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26](const Box&){[\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u8fd0\u884c\u5185\u5bb9]}      \/\/\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u5b9a\u4e49<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                \u4f8b\u5982<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                class Complex {\npublic:\n    double real;\n    double imag;\n\n    Complex(double r, double i) {\n        real = r;\n        imag = i;\n    }\n    \/\/\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f a + b \u4e2d\uff0ca \u662f\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u91cd\u8f7d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u800c b \u5219\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8be5\u91cd\u8f7d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u5165,\u6b64\u5904\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n    Complex operator+ (const Complex& other) {\n        Complex result(0.0, 0.0);\n        result.real = real + other.real;\n        result.imag = imag + other.imag;\n        return result;\n    }\n\n    void display() {\n        std::cout << real << \" + \" << imag << \"i\" << std::endl;\n    }\n};\n\nint main() {\n    Complex c1(2.0, 3.0);\n    Complex c2(1.0, 1.0);\n    Complex c3 = c1 + c2;\n\n    std::cout << \"c1 = \";\n    c1.display();\n\n    std::cout << \"c2 = \";\n    c2.display();\n\n    std::cout << \"c3 = c1 + c2 = \";\n    c3.display();\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                11.2.1 \u91cd\u8f7d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u91cf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                                  \n
                                • \u91cd\u8f7d\u5355\u76ee\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u8981 0 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u975e\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u8981 1 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                • \u91cd\u8f7d\u53cc\u76ee\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u8981 1 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u975e\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u8981 2 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                • \u5c0f\u62ec\u53f7\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4efb\u610f\u591a\u4e2a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                • \u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u540e\u7f6e\u81ea\u589e (\u51cf) \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u867d\u7136\u662f\u5355\u76ee\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u524d\u7f6e\u81ea\u589e (\u51cf) \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u4eba\u4e3a\u52a0\u4e86\u4e2a int<\/code> \u578b\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                  11.2.2 \u53ef\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u91cd\u8f7d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                                  \u53ef\u91cd\u8f7d\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                  \u53cc\u76ee\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/th>+<\/code> \u52a0\uff0c-<\/code>\u51cf\uff0c*<\/code>\u4e58\uff0c\/<\/code>\u9664\uff0c%<\/code>\u53d6\u6a21<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                                  \u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>==<\/code>\u7b49\u4e8e\uff0c!=<\/code>\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\uff0c<<\/code>\u5c0f\u4e8e\uff0c><\/code>\u5927\u4e8e\uff0c<=<\/code>\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\uff0c>=<\/code>\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e<\/td><\/tr>
                                  \u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>||<\/code>\u903b\u8f91\u6216\uff0c&&<\/code>\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\uff0c!<\/code>\u903b\u8f91\u975e<\/td><\/tr>
                                  \u5355\u76ee\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>+<\/code> \u6b63\uff0c-<\/code>\u8d1f\uff0c*<\/code>\u6307\u9488\uff0c&<\/code>\u53d6\u5730\u5740<\/td><\/tr>
                                  \u81ea\u589e\u81ea\u51cf\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>++<\/code>\u81ea\u589e\uff0c--<\/code>\u81ea\u51cf<\/td><\/tr>
                                  \u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>|<\/code> \u6309\u4f4d\u6216\uff0c&<\/code>\u6309\u4f4d\u4e0e\uff0c~<\/code>\u6309\u4f4d\u53d6\u53cd\uff0c^<\/code>\u6309\u4f4d\u5f02\u6216\uff0c<<<\/code>\u5de6\u79fb\uff0c>><\/code>\u53f3\u79fb<\/td><\/tr>
                                  \u8d4b\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>=<\/code>, +=<\/code>, -=<\/code>, *=<\/code>, \/=<\/code> , %=<\/code> , &=<\/code>, |=<\/code>, ^=<\/code>, <<=<\/code>, >>=<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
                                  \u7a7a\u95f4\u7533\u8bf7\u4e0e\u91ca\u653e<\/td>new<\/code>, delete<\/code>, new[ ]<\/code> , delete[]<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
                                  \u5176\u4ed6\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\uff0c-><\/code>\u6210\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c,<\/code>\u9017\u53f7\uff0c[]<\/code>\u4e0b\u6807<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                  \u4e0d\u53ef\u91cd\u8f7d\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                  \u6210\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/th>.<\/code><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                                  \u6210\u5458\u6307\u9488\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>.<\/code>, -><\/code><\/td><\/tr>
                                  \u57df\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>::<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
                                  \u957f\u5ea6\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>sizeof<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
                                  \u6761\u4ef6\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>?:<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
                                  \u9884\u5904\u7406\u7b26\u53f7<\/td>#<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                                  \u672c\u6587\u6863\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u5747\u4ee5C++11\u6807\u51c6\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840 \u672c\u6587\u6863\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8eC++\u4e2d\u4e0eC\u8bed\u8a00\u91cd\u53e0\u6216\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6269\u5c55 \u53c2\u8003 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learning-programming-languages"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/337","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=337"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/337\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":342,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/337\/revisions\/342"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=337"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=337"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=337"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}