{"id":203,"date":"2025-10-18T18:13:58","date_gmt":"2025-10-18T10:13:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/47.99.178.170\/?p=203"},"modified":"2025-10-23T21:57:45","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T13:57:45","slug":"%e3%80%90%e8%ae%a1%e7%ae%97%e6%9c%ba%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e3%80%91%e3%80%90linux%e3%80%9180211%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e6%a0%88%e6%a6%82%e8%bf%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/?p=203","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u3011\u3010Linux\u301180211\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u6982\u8ff0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u6863\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/v4.12\/driver-api\/80211\/\">Linux 802.11 Driver Developer\u2019s Guide \u2014 The Linux Kernel documentation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Netlink\">Netlink &#8211; \u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxembedded.fr\/2020\/05\/emulating-wlan-in-linux-part-i-the-80211-stack\">Emulating WLAN in Linux &#8211; part I: the 802.11 stack | Linux Embedded<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b14\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u5173\u4e8e<code>Linux<\/code>\u5185\u6838\u7f51\u7edc\u5b50\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4ecb\u7ecd\u524d\u4eba\u4e4b\u8ff0\u5907\u77e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u505a\u788d\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\u548c\u6280\u672f\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u505a\u592a\u591a\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u8bfb<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6574\u4f53\u67b6\u6784\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><code>Linux 80211<\/code>\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5927\u81f4\u5305\u542b\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>nl82011<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3001<code>cfg80211<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3001<code>mac80211<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u5c55\u5f00\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/80211\u6574\u4f53\u67b6\u6784.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"901\" height=\"577\" data-original=\"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/80211\u6574\u4f53\u67b6\u6784.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-278\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 901px) 100vw, 901px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u56fe\u7247\u6e90\u81ea\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/linuxembedded.fr\/2020\/05\/emulating-wlan-in-linux-part-i-the-80211-stack\">Emulating WLAN in Linux &#8211; part I: the 802.11 stack | Linux Embedded<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5404\u4e2a\u5b50\u6a21\u5757\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. nl80211\u5b50\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>nl<\/code>\u662f<code>NetLink<\/code>\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5728\u53e4\u65e9\u7684<code>Linux<\/code>\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u6838\u6001\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u9760<code>ioctl<\/code>\u3001<code>syscall<\/code>\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u7f51\u7edc\u5b50\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u8bf4\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u6700\u521d\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b50\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6001\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4ea4\u4e92\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u6709\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u3002<code>netlink<\/code>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ee3\u66ff<code>ioctl<\/code>\u800c\u88ab\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5e76\u5728 <code>Linux<\/code>\u7684<code>2.2<\/code>\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u88ab\u52a0\u5165\u5185\u6838<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528<code>netlink<\/code>\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u5165<code>libnl<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u5c01\u88c5\u597d\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u8005\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u88f8<code>socket<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u63cf\u8ff0\u89c1<a href=\"https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/doc\/html\/rfc3549\">RFC 3549 &#8211; Linux Netlink as an IP Services Protocol<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 \u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><code>nl80211<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982 <code>iw<\/code> \u548c <code>hostapd<\/code>\uff09\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u65e0\u7ebf\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8e <code>mac80211<\/code> \u6846\u67b6\uff09\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7 Netlink \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u65e0\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. cfg80211\u5b50\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>cfg80211 is the configuration API for 802.11 devices in Linux. It bridges userspace and drivers, and offers some utility functionality associated with 802.11. cfg80211 must, directly or indirectly via mac80211, be used by all modern wireless drivers in Linux, so that they offer a consistent API through nl80211. For backward compatibility, cfg80211 also offers wireless extensions to userspace, but hides them from drivers completely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>cfg80211<\/code>\u662f<code>Linux<\/code>\u4e2d <code>802.11<\/code> \u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u914d\u7f6e <code>API<\/code>\u3002\u5b83\u6865\u63a5\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e <code>802.11<\/code> \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u529f\u80fd\u3002<code>cfg80211<\/code> \u5fc5\u987b\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>mac80211<\/code> \u4f7f\u7528<code>Linux<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u73b0\u4ee3\u65e0\u7ebf\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u81f4\u7684<code>API<\/code> \u901a\u8fc7 <code>nl80211<\/code>\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5411\u540e\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c<code>cfg80211<\/code> \u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;\u6458\u81ea<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/v4.12\/driver-api\/80211\/cfg80211.html\">cfg80211 subsystem \u2014 The Linux Kernel documentation<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 \u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u65e0\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42<\/strong><br><code>cfg80211<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5c4f\u853d\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982 <code>iw<\/code> \u548c <code>wpa_supplicant<\/code>\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u65e0\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\u4ea4\u4e92<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7ba1\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><br>\u5b83\u652f\u6301 <code>802.11<\/code> \u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u626b\u63cf\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u65ad\u5f00\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7ba1\u7406\u63a5\u5165\u70b9\uff08<code>AP<\/code> \u6a21\u5f0f\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u5982\u4fe1\u9053\u3001\u9891\u7387\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b49\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1<\/strong><br><code>cfg80211<\/code> \u4f7f\u7528 <code>netlink<\/code> \u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982 <code>iw<\/code>\uff09\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u652f\u6301\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1<\/strong><br>\u5b83\u4e3a\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0 <code>cfg80211<\/code> \u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u652f\u6301\u65e0\u7ebf\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684 <code>802.11<\/code> \u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u76d1\u7ba1\u57df\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><br><code>cfg80211<\/code> \u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u76d1\u7ba1\u57df\uff08<code>regulatory domain<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u65e0\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u5730\u533a\u9075\u5b88\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u9891\u8c31\u6cd5\u89c4<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 \u4e0e mac80211 \u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>cfg80211<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u914d\u7f6e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>mac80211<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b9e\u73b0 <code>802.11<\/code> \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c<code>mac80211<\/code> \u9a71\u52a8\u4f1a\u4f9d\u8d56 <code>cfg80211<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c <code>cfg80211<\/code> \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\uff08\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e <code>FullMAC<\/code> \u7684\u9a71\u52a8\uff09\u4ea4\u4e92<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 \u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>iw<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code>wpa_supplicant<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\uff08\u5982 <code>WPA\/WPA2<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. mac80211\u5b50\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>mac80211<\/code> \u662f <code>Linux<\/code> \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 <code>802.11<\/code> \u6807\u51c6\u7684\u4e2d\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u5b83\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e <code>SoftMAC<\/code>\uff08\u8f6f\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236 MAC \u5c42\uff09\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 <code>802.11<\/code> \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 \u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u73b0 802.11 \u534f\u8bae\u6808<\/strong><br><code>mac80211<\/code> \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 <code>802.11<\/code> \u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5e27\u7ba1\u7406\uff08\u5982\u4fe1\u6807\u5e27\u3001\u63a2\u6d4b\u5e27\u3001\u5173\u8054\u5e27\u7b49\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u5904\u7406\uff08\u5982\u52a0\u5bc6\u3001\u89e3\u5bc6\u3001\u91cd\u4f20\u7b49\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5f0f\u652f\u6301\uff08\u5982 <code>STA<\/code>\u3001<code>AP<\/code>\u3001<code>Ad*Hoc<\/code>\u3001<code>Mesh<\/code> \u7b49\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u529f\u7387\u7ba1\u7406\uff08\u5982\u8282\u80fd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SoftMAC \u9a71\u52a8\u652f\u6301<\/strong><br><code>mac80211<\/code> \u4e13\u4e3a <code>SoftMAC<\/code> \u9a71\u52a8\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c<code>SoftMAC<\/code> \u9a71\u52a8\u5c06\u5927\u90e8\u5206 <code>802.11<\/code> \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ea4\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u786c\u4ef6\u4ec5\u8d1f\u8d23\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5e27\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u3002<code>mac80211<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u901a\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ea\u9700\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u786c\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u90e8\u5206<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0e <code>cfg80211<\/code> \u7684\u534f\u4f5c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>cfg80211<\/code> \u8d1f\u8d23\u65e0\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>mac80211<\/code> \u8d1f\u8d23\u5b9e\u73b0 <code>802.11<\/code> \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u903b\u8f91<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e24\u8005\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c<code>cfg80211<\/code> \u8c03\u7528 <code>mac80211<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5e27\u5904\u7406<\/strong><br><code>mac80211<\/code> \u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u5e27\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\uff08\u652f\u6301 <code>WPA\/WPA2<\/code> \u7b49\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u8bae\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7ba1\u7406\u5e27\u7684\u751f\u6210\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff08\u5982\u4fe1\u6807\u3001\u63a2\u6d4b\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u54cd\u5e94\u7b49\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63a7\u5236\u5e27\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff08\u5982 <code>RTS\/CTS<\/code> \u7b49\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u65e0\u7ebf\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><br><code>mac80211<\/code> \u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u65e0\u7ebf\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>STA\uff08Station\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u65e0\u7ebf\u63a5\u5165\u70b9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>AP\uff08Access Point\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e0\u7ebf\u63a5\u5165\u70b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ad-Hoc \u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u7f51\u7edc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mesh \u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u72b6\u7f51\u7edc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>QoS \u548c\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u652f\u6301<\/strong><br>\u5b83\u652f\u6301 <code>802.11e<\/code> \u6807\u51c6\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff08<code>QoS<\/code>\uff09\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong><br><code>mac80211<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5206\u6790\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4eceLinux\u7684WLAN\u6574\u4f53\u67b6\u6784\u6765\u770b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Linux_wlan\u603b\u6846\u67b6.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"844\" height=\"1101\" data-original=\"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Linux_wlan\u603b\u6846\u67b6.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa<code>80211<\/code>\u6808\u4e3b\u8981\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u4e0a\u5c42\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u5e95\u5c42\u9a71\u52a8\u3001<code>linux<\/code>\u5185\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u627f\u63a5\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u8fd8\u6709\u7740<code>UMAC<\/code>\u3001<code>LMAC<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">FullMAC\u4e0eSoftMAC\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u9a71\u52a8\u67b6\u6784\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><code>FullMAC<\/code> \u662f\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0e <code>SoftMAC<\/code> \u76f8\u5bf9\u3002\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u5361\uff08<code>Wi-Fi<\/code> \u82af\u7247\uff09\u548c\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. FullMAC(HardMAC)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><code>FullMAC<\/code>\u53c8\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c<code>HardMAC<\/code>\uff1b<\/strong>\u5728 <code>FullMAC<\/code> \u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c<code>Wi-Fi<\/code> \u7f51\u5361\u7684\u56fa\u4ef6\uff08<code>Firmware<\/code>\uff09\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b9e\u73b0\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u5982 <code>802.11<\/code> \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5e27\u5904\u7406\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u89e3\u5bc6\u3001\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u5173\u8054\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u804c\u8d23\u662f\u4e0e\u56fa\u4ef6\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c<code>FullMAC<\/code> \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5c06\u65e0\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u590d\u6742\u903b\u8f91\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u653e\u5230\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u56fa\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 FullMAC\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u56fa\u4ef6\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u65e0\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08\u5982\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u5173\u8054\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b49\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7ba1\u7406\u5e27\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff08\u5982 <code>Beacon<\/code>\u3001<code>Probe Request\/Response<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>QoS<\/code>\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff09\u548c\u529f\u7387\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f83\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e0e\u56fa\u4ef6\u901a\u4fe1\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u53e3\u5982 <code>SDIO<\/code>\u3001<code>USB<\/code> \u6216 <code>PCIe<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982 <code>iw<\/code> \u6216 <code>wpa_supplicant<\/code>\uff09\u4e0e\u56fa\u4ef6\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u63a5\u53e3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u786c\u4ef6\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u5f3a<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>FullMAC<\/code> \u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8de8\u786c\u4ef6\u590d\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56fa\u4ef6\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u7531\u786c\u4ef6\u5382\u5546\u8d1f\u8d23<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2 FullMAC\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u964d\u4f4e\u9a71\u52a8\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\u7531\u56fa\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u91cf\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u56fa\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7f51\u5361\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u56e0\u5185\u6838\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u9a71\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u56fa\u4ef6\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 <code>FullMAC<\/code> \u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982 <code>Linux<\/code>\u3001<code>Windows<\/code>\u3001<code>Android<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8282\u7701\u4e3b\u673a\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u534f\u8bae\u5904\u7406\u5728\u7f51\u5361\u5185\u90e8\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4e3b\u673a <code>CPU<\/code> \u7684\u8d1f\u62c5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.3 FullMAC\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u56fa\u4ef6\u662f\u7531\u786c\u4ef6\u5382\u5546\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u6cd5\u8f7b\u677e\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u5982 <code>Mesh<\/code> \u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u534f\u8bae\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5382\u5546\u652f\u6301<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u5382\u5546\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u56fa\u4ef6\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u786c\u4ef6\u5382\u5546\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u65b0\u6ede\u540e\u6216\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8c03\u8bd5\u56f0\u96be<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u56fa\u4ef6\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u67e5\u770b\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8c03\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d7\u9650<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. SoftMAC<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 <code>SoftMAC<\/code> \u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c<code>Wi-Fi<\/code> \u7f51\u5361\u7684\u56fa\u4ef6\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u590d\u6742\u903b\u8f91\uff08\u5982\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u5173\u8054\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b49\uff09\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u4f7f\u5f97\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u53ef\u63a7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 SoftMAC\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>802.11<\/code> \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u5982\u7ba1\u7406\u5e27\u5904\u7406\u3001\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u5173\u8054\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b49\uff09\u7531 <code>Linux<\/code> \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684 <code>mac80211<\/code> \u6846\u67b6\u5b9e\u73b0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u786c\u4ef6\u529f\u80fd\u8f83\u7b80\u5355<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u786c\u4ef6\uff08\u7f51\u5361\u56fa\u4ef6\uff09\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u590d\u6742\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u4e0e <code>mac80211<\/code> \u6846\u67b6\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7ec6\u8282<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u9ad8<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 SoftMAC\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><code>SoftMAC<\/code> \u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684 <code>mac80211<\/code> \u6846\u67b6\u3002mac80211 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u7684 <code>802.11<\/code> \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u63a5\u53e3\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7 <code>cfg80211<\/code> \u63a5\u53e3\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u786c\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u590d\u6742\u903b\u8f91\u7531 <code>mac80211<\/code> \u5904\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 \u76f8\u5173\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>mac80211<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>Linux<\/code> \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684 <code>802.11<\/code> \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>cfg80211<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u65e0\u7ebf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5de5\u5177\u5982 <code>iw<\/code> \u548c <code>wpa_supplicant<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5982 <code>iw<\/code>\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\uff09\u3001<code>wpa_supplicant<\/code>\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u7ebf\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. FullMAC\u4e0eSoftMAC \u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u7279\u6027<\/th><th>FullMAC<\/th><th>SoftMAC<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/td><td>\u7531\u786c\u4ef6\u56fa\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0<\/td><td>\u7531\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u5185\u6838\u5b9e\u73b0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u9a71\u52a8\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/strong><\/td><td>\u7b80\u5355<\/td><td>\u590d\u6742<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/strong><\/td><td>\u8f83\u4f4e<\/td><td>\u8f83\u9ad8<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>FullMAC<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u8d44\u6e90\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u7ea7\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u903b\u8f91\u653e\u5230\u56fa\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684 <code>SoftMAC<\/code> \u67b6\u6784\u5219\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>SoftMAC<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u548c\u590d\u6742\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u65e0\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\u79fb\u5230\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e3b\u673a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5360\u7528\u548c\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684 <code>FullMAC<\/code> \u67b6\u6784\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u8d44\u6e90\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u7ea7\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Upper MAC(UMAC)\u4e0eLower MAC(LMAC)\u9a71\u52a8\u67b6\u6784\u4e0b\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u5c42<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>UMAC<\/strong>\uff08<code>Upper MAC<\/code>\uff09\u548c <strong>LMAC<\/strong>\uff08<code>Lower MAC<\/code>\uff09\u662f\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u4e2d <code>MAC<\/code> \u5c42\uff08<code>Medium Access Control<\/code>\uff0c\u5a92\u4f53\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5c42\uff09\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u5c42\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06 <code>MAC<\/code> \u5c42\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u9ad8\u5c42\u548c\u4f4e\u5c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. UMAC\uff08Upper MAC\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>UMAC<\/code> \u662f <code>MAC<\/code> \u5c42\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e0e\u65e0\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4e3b\u673a\uff08<code>Host<\/code>\uff09\u7aef\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728 <code>FullMAC<\/code> \u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u7531\u56fa\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 UMAC\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u534f\u8bae\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5904\u7406 <code>802.11<\/code> \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5e27\uff08\u5982 <code>Beacon<\/code>\u3001<code>Probe Request\/Response<\/code>\u3001<code>Association<\/code> <code>Request\/Response<\/code>\u7b49\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8d1f\u8d23\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u5173\u8054\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7ba1\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u5207\u6362\uff08<code>Roaming<\/code>\uff09\u548c\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u5b89\u5168<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5982 <code>WPA\/WPA2\/WPA3<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\u548c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>QoS\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff09\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u548c\u5e26\u5bbd\u5206\u914d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4ea4\u4e92<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u63a5\u53e3\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982 <code>iw<\/code> \u6216 <code>wpa_supplicant<\/code>\uff09\u4e0e\u65e0\u7ebf\u8bbe\u5907\u4ea4\u4e92<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. LMAC\uff08Lower MAC\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>LMAC<\/code> \u662f <code>MAC<\/code> \u5c42\u7684\u4f4e\u5c42\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u56fa\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728 <code>SoftMAC<\/code> \u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u7531\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 LMAC\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5e27\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e27\u7684\u91cd\u4f20\u3001\u786e\u8ba4\uff08<code>ACK<\/code>\uff09\u548c\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u65f6\u95f4\u654f\u611f\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u4fe1\u9053\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u9000\u907f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08<code>Backoff<\/code>\uff09\u3001<code>RTS\/CTS<\/code>\uff08\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\/\u6e05\u9664\u53d1\u9001\uff09\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u786c\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u63a7\u5236\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5c42\uff08<code>PHY<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u4fe1\u9053\u5207\u6362\u3001\u529f\u7387\u63a7\u5236\u7b49<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f4e\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u529f\u7387\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u7761\u7720\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u5524\u9192\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. UMAC \u548c LMAC \u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u7279\u6027<\/th><th>UMAC\uff08Upper MAC\uff09<\/th><th>LMAC\uff08Lower MAC\uff09<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/td><td>\u4e3b\u673a\u7aef\uff08\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff09\u6216\u56fa\u4ef6<\/td><td>\u7f51\u5361\u56fa\u4ef6\u6216\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/td><td>\u9ad8\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u63a7\u5236<\/td><td>\u4f4e\u5c42\u5b9e\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u804c\u8d23<\/strong><\/td><td>\u8d1f\u8d23\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7b49<\/td><td>\u8d1f\u8d23\u5e27\u5904\u7406\u3001\u4fe1\u9053\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u529f\u7387\u7ba1\u7406<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42<\/strong><\/td><td>\u8f83\u4f4e<\/td><td>\u8f83\u9ad8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/td><td>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6216\u56fa\u4ef6<\/td><td>\u56fa\u4ef6\u6216\u786c\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027<\/strong><\/td><td>\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5de5\u5177\u4ea4\u4e92<\/td><td>\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u4e92<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. UMAC \u548c LMAC \u7684\u534f\u4f5c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>UMAC<\/code> \u548c <code>LMAC<\/code> \u662f <code>MAC<\/code> \u5c42\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u534f\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>UMAC<\/code> \u8d1f\u8d23\u9ad8\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>UMAC<\/code> \u51b3\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u7406\u5e27\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>LMAC<\/code> \u8d1f\u8d23\u4f4e\u5c42\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>LMAC<\/code> \u6267\u884c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5e27\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\uff08\u5982\u4fe1\u9053\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u9000\u907f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff09\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97\u65e0\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u52a0\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>UMAC<\/code> \u548c <code>LMAC<\/code> \u7684\u5206\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5728 <code>FullMAC<\/code> \u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c<code>UMAC<\/code> \u548c <code>LMAC<\/code> \u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u7531\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u56fa\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u7aef\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728 <code>SoftMAC<\/code> \u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c<code>UMAC<\/code> \u901a\u5e38\u7531 <code>Linux<\/code> \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684 <code>mac80211<\/code> \u6846\u67b6\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u800c <code>LMAC<\/code> \u7531\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u786c\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>UMAC<\/code>\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u9ad8\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5904\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>LMAC<\/code>\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u4f4e\u5c42\u5b9e\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5904\u7406\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u73b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u534f\u4f5c\u4f7f\u5f97\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u65e2\u7075\u6d3b\u53c8\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u6863\uff1a Linux 802.11 Driver Developer\u2019s Guide \u2014 The Linux [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-203","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux-knowledge","category-10"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=203"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":280,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203\/revisions\/280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=203"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=203"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}