{"id":180,"date":"2025-10-18T17:56:24","date_gmt":"2025-10-18T09:56:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/47.99.178.170\/?p=180"},"modified":"2025-10-23T21:55:49","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T13:55:49","slug":"%e3%80%90%e8%ae%a1%e7%ae%97%e6%9c%ba%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e3%80%91socket1-%e6%a6%82%e8%bf%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/?p=180","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u3011socket(1) \u6982\u8ff0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fSocket<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5957\u63a5\u5b57Socket<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u53cc\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7aef\u70b9\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c31\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5229\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4ece\u6240\u5904\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e0a\u8054\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0b\u8054\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\uff0c\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u63a5\u53e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u662f\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u662f\u652f\u6301TCP\/IP<\/code>\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8def\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5355\u5143\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u770b\u4f5c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u95f4\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u53cc\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7aef\u70b9\uff0c\u5b83\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u5355\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u5185\u53ca\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u95f4\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u754c\u9762\u3002\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u901a\u4fe1\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u57df\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u901a\u4fe1\u800c\u5f15\u8fdb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u901a\u5e38\u548c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e(\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u7a7f\u8d8a\u57df\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u65f6\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u7a0b\u5e8f)\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u57df\u4e92\u76f8\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528Internet<\/code>\u534f\u8bae\u7c07\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Socket<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u5404\u81ea\u901a\u4fe1\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u7684\u7aef\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684API<\/code>(\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3)\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u548c\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u7aef\u70b9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u8fde\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u8981\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5165\u5b83\u6240\u5728\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 Socket<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u8be5 Socket<\/code>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5361\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u4ecb\u8d28\u5c06\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4fe1\u606f\u9001\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 Socket<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5bf9\u65b9\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 Socket<\/code>\u662f\u7531IP<\/code>\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5411\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f20\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Socket\u4e3b\u8981\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. \u6d41\u5957\u63a5\u5b57(SOCK_STREAM)<\/strong> \u6d41\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5c06\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u5dee\u9519\u3001\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u9001\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u63a5\u6536\u3002\u6d41\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4f20\u8f93\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5373TCP(The Transmission Control Protocol)<\/code>\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57(SOCK_DGRAM)<\/strong> \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027,\u6570\u636e\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u51fa\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u4e14\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u987a\u5e8f\u5730\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4f7f\u7528UDP( User DatagramProtocol)<\/code>\u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u505a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u539f\u59cb\u5957\u63a5\u5b57(SOCK_RAW)<\/strong> \u539f\u59cb\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e0e\u6807\u51c6\u5957\u63a5\u5b57(\u6807\u51c6\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6307\u7684\u662f\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u6d41\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u548c\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57)\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u539f\u59cb\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u5199\u5185\u6838\u6ca1\u6709\u5904\u7406\u7684IP<\/code>\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u800c\u6d41\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u53ea\u80fd\u8bfb\u53d6TCP<\/code>\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u53ea\u80fd\u8bfb\u53d6UDP<\/code>\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u8bae\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u5957\u63a5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Socket\u4e0eTCP\/UDP\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Socket<\/code>\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4e0eTCP\/IP<\/code>\u534f\u8bae\u7c07\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u8f6f\u4ef6\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5bf9TCP\/IP<\/code>\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578bsocket\u533a\u522b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Linux<\/code> \u901a\u8fc7 VFS<\/code> \u628a\u201c\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u201d\u90fd\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0csocket<\/code> \u4e5f\u4ee5 fd<\/code> \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u66b4\u9732\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u80fd\u7528 read\/write<\/code>\u3001poll\/epoll<\/code> \u7b49\u901a\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a socket<\/code> \u5728\u5185\u6838\u91cc\u540c\u65f6\u6709 struct socket<\/code> \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u4e4b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684 struct file<\/code>\uff1b\u5176 inode<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u662f S_IFSOCK<\/code>\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4f2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf sockfs<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684 socket<\/code> \u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5404\u81ea\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 struct file<\/code> \u64cd\u4f5c\u8868\u3002\u7528\u6237\u6001\u62ff\u5230\u7684 socket fd<\/code>\uff0c\u5176 struct file<\/code> \u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u7531\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 socket<\/code> \u5c42\u201d\u7edf\u4e00\u5904\u7406\uff1aVFS + sockfs + net\/socket.c<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684 socket_file_ops<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5404\u5730\u5740\u65cf\/\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u4f53\u73b0\u5728 struct socket->ops<\/code>\uff08struct proto_ops<\/code>\uff09\u548c\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684 struct proto<\/code> \u4e0a\uff1bsocket_file_ops<\/code> \u53ea\u662f\u628a read\/write\/poll\/ioctl\/mmap<\/code> \u7b49\u8c03\u7528\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684 proto_ops<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    socket_file_ops\u548cproto_ops<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u628a\u901a\u7528\u7684 VFS\/socket_file_ops<\/code> \u8c03\u7528\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u534f\u8bae\/\u5730\u5740\u65cf\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6309AF<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      \u5173\u7cfb\u6982\u89c8<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • socket_file_ops<\/strong>\uff1aVFS\/sockfs<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7edf\u4e00 struct file_operations<\/code>\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709 socket fd<\/code>\uff08\u7edf\u4e00\u5165\u53e3\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • proto_ops<\/strong>\uff1a\u5185\u6838 socket<\/code> \u5c42\u4e3a\u201c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u8bed\u4e49\u201d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u591a\u6001\u64cd\u4f5c\u8868\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u65cf\/\u7c7b\u578b\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 proto_ops<\/code> \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0 bind\/connect\/sendmsg\/poll<\/code> \u7b49\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u65cf\/\u7c7b\u578b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 struct proto_ops<\/code>\uff0c\u6302\u5728 struct socket->ops<\/code>\uff08\u591a\u6001\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u628a\u901a\u7528\u7684 VFS\/socket_file_ops<\/code> \u8c03\u7528\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u534f\u8bae\/\u5730\u5740\u65cf\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6309AF<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        \u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0e\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • \u521b\u5efa socket(AF_xxx, type, proto)<\/code> \u65f6\uff1a\n
            \n
          • af_xxx<\/code> \u521d\u59cb\u5316 sock->ops =<\/code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 proto_ops<\/code>\uff08\u5982 inet_stream_ops<\/code>\u3001unix_dgram_ops<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • sock_alloc_file()<\/code> \u4ee4\u65b0 fd<\/code> \u7684 f_op = socket_file_ops<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u56e0\u6b64\uff1af_op<\/code> \u57fa\u672c\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e3a socket_file_ops<\/code>\uff1b\u884c\u4e3a\u5dee\u5f02\u7531 sock->ops<\/code> \u6307\u5411\u7684 proto_ops<\/code> \u51b3\u5b9a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fSocket \u5957\u63a5\u5b57Socket\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u53cc\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7aef\u70b9\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5957\u63a5 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-10"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=180"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/180\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":275,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/180\/revisions\/275"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.garfield-blog.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}